commonly referred to as “chocolate vine” in United States, are grown by gardeners as ornamental climbing vines, are well-known medicinal plants, and have been used in Chinese herbalism for at least 2000 years. Three species (subspecies) ( A. quinata , A
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Li Li, Xiaohong Yao, Caihong Zhong, Xuzhong Chen, and Hongwen Huang
Marissa Moses and Pathmanathan Umaharan
Mota, J.W. Loor, R. Kuhn, D.N. Brown, J.S. Schnell, R.J. 2008 Geographic and genetic population differentiation of the Amazonian chocolate tree ( Theobroma cacao L) PLoS One 3 E3311, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0003311 10.1371/journal.pone.0003311 Myers
Amy K. Freidig and Irwin L. Goldman
oleracea ), beet, tea ( Camellia sinensis ), and chocolate. Soluble oxalic acid can be found in many plant tissues as potassium, sodium, or ammonium oxalate salts. Oxalic acid also forms insoluble compounds with cations such as calcium or magnesium
Xuan (Jade) Wu, Melinda J. Knuth, Charles R. Hall, and Marco A. Palma
; pairing flowers with other products such as chocolate, wine, jewelry, and books ( Lai and Huang, 2013 ; Rihn et al., 2011 ); labeling production process of flowers, origin, longevity guarantee, and certification ( Rihn et al., 2016 ; Rombach et al., 2018
Dharmalingam S. Pitchay, Jonathan M. Frantz, James C. Locke, Charles R. Krause, and George C. J. Fernandez
and the palatability to white-tailed deer J. Plant Nutr. 22 1807 1814 10.1080/01904169909365757 Harrison, J.G. 1988 The biology of Botrytis spp. on Vicia beans and chocolate spot disease—A review Plant Pathol. 37
Amy McFarland, Aime Sommerfeld, Tina Marie Waliczek, and Jayne Zajicek
, uncovering two coasters: one with one mini chocolate chip cookie, the other with two. Because of the age of participants, the researcher clarified that the reward was cookies and each participant was offered the choice of one cookie or two. The prewritten
Brooke C. Colburn, Shawn A. Mehlenbacher, Vidyasagar R. Sathuvalli, and David C. Smith
and chocolates ( USDA, 2011 ). Hazelnuts also contain compounds with purported anticancer properties and reduce the risk of coronary heart disease in consumers ( Richardson, 1997 ). Hazelnuts have been grown commercially in Oregon since the early 1900s
Li-Chun Huang and Yen-Chun Lin
–30 May 2011. In the empirical market, flowers have a broad price range. They can be as expensive as luxury chocolates or fine clothing, such as large flower bouquets with luxurious packaging; or they can be sold at a very friendly price, such as for a
Josh A. Honig, Megan F. Muehlbauer, John M. Capik, Christine Kubik, Jennifer N. Vaiciunas, Shawn A. Mehlenbacher, and Thomas J. Molnar
and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations (FAO), 2016 ]. Approximately 10% of the nuts of this species are sold in-shell, whereas the remaining 90% are processed as dairy, bakery, chocolate, and confectionery products ( Ciarmiello et al
Kyle Brasier, Ingrid Zaragoza, Jacob Knecht, Rebecca Munster, Hope Coulter, Amanda Potter, Elizabeth Enke, Aaron Fox, Elizabeth Mosqueda, and Hossein Zakeri
Reactions of improved faba bean varieties to chocolate spot ( Botrytis fabae Sard.) epidemics across contrasting altitudes in southwest Ethiopia Afr. J. Agric. Res. 11 837 848 Moseley, D. Da Silva, M.P. Mozzoni, L. Orazaly, M. Florez