., 2011 ; Warsaw et al., 2009b ; Wilson et al., 2010 ). Nitrogen, phosphorus, EC, pH, and alkalinity levels are commonly considered basic measures of water quality, whereas the other variables may or may not be reported ( Argo and Biernbaum, 1996 ; Dole
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Warren E. Copes, Andrew Ristvey, Patricia A. Richardson, Bruk E. Belayneh, Haibo Zhang, John Lea-Cox, and Chuanxue Hong
Charles Benbrook
production per animal rises. Adverse impacts on the environment often increase in step with yields and production ( Kramer et al., 2006 ; Reganold et al., 2001 ). For example, nitrogen use efficiency in corn systems typically declines as yields increase
Lauren Lindsey, Raymon Shange, Ramble O. Ankumah, Desmond G. Mortley, and Sangita Karki
et al., 2009 ). Several researchers have demonstrated a wide range of effects of fertilizer, including nitrogen on storage root yield of sweetpotatoes. For example, Jet and Mulkey (1996) reported that the applying N at 50.4 kg·ha −1 21 d after
Yiwei Jiang, Yaoshen Li, Gang Nie, and Huifen Liu
Nitrogen management is an important cultural practice for perennial grass production. An insufficient N supply can weaken plants, but excessive applications of N may also lead to problems of plant health and vigor. The extensive use of N fertilizers
David Granatstein, Joan R. Davenport, and Elizabeth Kirby
flowering species to support beneficial insects or legumes for nitrogen fixation ( Granatstein and Sanchez, 2009 ). This could occur in the tree row, as a “living mulch” or in the drive alley, where the legume biomass could be mowed in place, mowed, and
Ji-Jhong Chen, Jeanette Norton, Heidi Kratsch, Youping Sun, and Larry Rupp
Actinorhizal plants are able to fix atmospheric nitrogen (N 2 ) through symbiosis with Frankia , a genus of actinobacteria, and have great potential for sustainable landscaping ( Kratsch and Graves, 2004 ). Plant growth and development may be
David Granatstein and Kent Mullinix
. This N enrichment lasted for three crops after application. Nitrogen contribution from clover was evident in 2000, where leaf N in those plots was significantly greater than the control, and it increased in 2001. In a related mineralization experiment
Timothy K. Broschat and Kimberly Anne Moore
a major component in container substrates. Plants grown in pine bark substrates tend to have high nitrogen requirements due to the immobilization of N by microbes that degrade pine bark ( Prasad, 1980 ). Thus, woody ornamental plants grow best in
Mary Jane Clark and Youbin Zheng
growing substrate for each pot by hand at rates of 0.15, 0.45, 0.75, 1.05, 1.35, or 1.65 kg·m −3 nitrogen. The guaranteed minimum analysis of this CRF is 8.09% ammonical N, 7.16% nitrate N, 3.75% urea N, 6.00% phosphoric acid, 13.00% soluble potash, 4
John Watson, François Hébert, Eric M. Lyons, Theo Blom, and Katerina S. Jordan
research has focused primarily on older varieties of velvet bentgrass selected from South German mixed bentgrasses ( DeFrance et al., 1952 ; North and Odland, 1934 ; Skogley, 1975 ; Sprague and Evaul, 1930 ). Proper nitrogen fertilization is essential