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-applied boron (B) on change in foliar B concentrations (ΔB) of leaves 1 through 20 of coconut palm at 1 ( A ) or 2 ( B ) months after application. An asterisk over the second bar in a pair indicates significance of analysis of variance ( ns , *, **, and

Pacific northwestern United States, either with granular or foliar N applications, although vegetative growth was increased ( Breen and Martin, 1981 ; Strik et al., 2004 ). Ulrich and Martin (1987) and Kirsch (1959) reported negative effects on fruit

). Experiments were ended at the end of 4 weeks from the time of the first foliar application. Spearmint plants were maintained on agar Murashige and Skoog medium containing 3% sucrose in vitro as shoot cuttings. Eight-week-old plantlets were removed from agar

with the control. To achieve effects potentially opposite to those elicited from GA 3 , prohexadione calcium (ProCa), an inhibitor of GA biosynthesis ( BASF, 1998 ) was of interest. Foliar application of ProCa (150 mg·L −1 ) to apple ( Malus pumilla

-napthaleneacetic acid (NAA; Dip’N Grow Liquid Rooting Concentrate; Dip’N Grow, Clackamas, OR) or received no rooting hormone. Foliar spray applications (volume 0.20 L·m −2 ) of solutions containing 300 mg·L −1 non-ionic surfactant (CapSil) or solutions containing

management is most efficient if there is uniformity among trees. Usually, nutrients are applied evenly across each orchard block by foliar application, ground-applied fertilizers, or with fertilizers applied via irrigation water (fertigation). Regardless of

normal distribution through the Shapiro-Wilk-W test for goodness of fit. Treatment effects were assessed in mid-May, ≈4 weeks after application of foliar sprays. Severity of Ni deficiency was noted using a scale representing a typical progression in

, vegetative growth of ‘Eureka’ lemon nursery trees was retarded following the repeated foliar application of gibberellin-biosynthesis inhibitors. Because it is unlikely that paclobutrazol would be registered on citrus due to its persistence in the environment

solution. However, the brushing application method is more labor intensive than a foliar spray and is therefore less likely to be used by commercial orchid growers. In the same study, sprays of a similar concentration (250 mg·L −1 ) also inhibited

. They include broadcasting, banding, fertigation, foliar application, and microinjection. The choice of method varies depending on the crop, the type and source of fertilizer, cultural practices, availability and cost of the application equipment as well