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Abiotic stresses, such as nutrient disorder and soil acidification, are dominant soil factors that affect plant performance. It is well known that B is an essential micronutrient for vascular plants ( Marschner, 1995 ), and it has an important role

often used to avoid biotic and abiotic stresses. The time to first male and female flower and the interval between the appearance of male and female flowers in monoecious plants have also emerged as key traits used to breed for increased yield under

and vegetables as affected by exposure to abiotic stress Postharvest Biol. Technol. 48 155 162 Hu, L.Y. Hu, S.L. Wu, J. Li, Y.H. Zheng, J.L. Wei, Z.J. Liu, J. Wang, H.L. Liu, Y.S. Zhang, H. 2012 Hydrogen sulfide prolongs postharvest shelf life of

discoloration and bare areas ( Williams et al., 2010 ). Traffic stress is the most common and destructive abiotic stress for recreational and sports lawns ( Minner and Valverde, 2005 ). Various methods can increase the wear tolerance of turfgrass. Several

abiotic stress tolerance and could be widely used for modern grape breeding ( Liu et al., 2014 ; Wan et al., 2013 ). There is still a great interest among grape breeders in broadening the genetic base of cultivated grapes and also in tapping into the gene

Drought is a detrimental abiotic stress for plant growth, including perennial turfgrass species. A typical drought stress symptom in turfgrass is a decline in turf quality (TQ) resulting from leaf senescence, slow shoot and root growth, and leaf

, which are adapted to the biotic and abiotic stresses of the Pacific northwestern United States, may help expand the market and improve the financial return to growers. However, to develop these cultivars, it is essential to gain a basic understanding of

the response to abiotic stresses including organic pollutants ( Schwarz et al., 2010 ), suboptimal temperatures ( Ntatsi et al., 2014 ; Schwarz et al., 2010 ; Suchoff et al., 2018a ), drought conditions ( Bhatt et al., 2015 ; Nilsen et al., 2014

competition between crops, causing bean plants to be exposed to abiotic stresses such as water and thermal stress ( Porch et al., 2007 ). For instance, beans are mainly cultivated in the Andean region in Colombia, and this area of the country has been affected

, 2017 ). However, the productivity of tomato is frequently limited by abiotic stresses, including drought, salinity, and nutrient deficiency ( Foolad, 2007 ). The root system plays an essential role in crop resilience to combat biotic and abiotic