molecule is roughly 53% nitrogen. All treatments were applied as a liquid, which quickly vaporizes, under 0.32-mm thick, white-on-black, totally impermeable film (Guardian Agricultural Plastics Corporation, Tampa, FL), using shank injection 25 cm below the
that initiated the process of germination. Seedcoat structure is a determinant of the need for seed imbibition before soaking. In general, a permeable or “soft” seedcoat absorbs water more easily, opposite to more impermeable or “hard” seedcoats that do
production beds covered with 6-mm impermeable high density polyethylene plastic and overlain by polypropylene woven permeable landscape fabric. The beds were oriented east to west along the long axis, sloped to the center and westward, and channeled runoff
production) combined with CPL to improve soil organic matter and stimulate rapid microbial growth, respiration, and oxygen (O 2 ) consumption in the soil. Totally impermeable film (TIF), a gas-impermeable opaque plastic film is then used to seal the soil and
regulate when and where to grow. One crucial function of delayed germination is allowing time for dispersal. Physical dormancy caused by the impermeability of seedcoats to water is common ( Baskin and Baskin, 2001 ). This impermeable layer prevents the seed
.14 to 0.15 m deep with a rototiller. Transparent low-density polyethylene (PE) plastic film was used to cover commercial standard MB : Pic mix (50:50 w/w) treatments. Transparent, coextruded, three-layer, virtually impermeable plastic film (VIF) was used
Bangarwa, S.K. Norsworthy, J.K. 2014 Purple nutsedge control with allyl isothiocyanate under virtually impermeable film mulch Weed Technol. 28 200 205 Bangarwa, S.K. Norsworthy, J.K. Gbur, E.E. 2012 Allyl isothiocyanate as a methyl bromide alternative for
portion of the root zone so as to interrupt slopewise capillary connectivity of the root zone. In concept, these capillary barriers would consist of a strip of impermeable metal or plastic sheet such as landscape edging that would extend vertically upward
evaluated organic table beet performance in reduced-till systems. The application of temporary, impermeable, black plastic tarps to the soil surface before cash crop planting is an alternative weed management strategy recently popularized ( Fortier, 2014
, and 30.5 cm tall. Tomato beds were formed and fumigated with 118 kg⋅ha −1 of 56.6% Chloropicrin + 37.1% 1,3-Dichloropropene (Pic-Clor 60 Fumigant; TriEst Ag Group Inc., Greenville, NC) and covered with black and white totally impermeable film (TIF